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Numbers 23

1And Balaam said to Balak, “Build seven altars here for me, and prepare as many calves, and the same number of rams.”

2And when he had acted according to the words of Balaam, they placed a calf and a ram together on each altar.

3And Balaam said to Balak: “Stand for a little while next to your holocaust, until I go, to see if perhaps the Lord will meet with me. And whatever he will command, I shall speak to you.”

4And after he had quickly departed, God met with him. And Balaam, speaking to him, said: “I have set up seven altars, and I have placed a calf and a ram on each.”

5Then the Lord placed the word in his mouth, and he said: “Return to Balak, and you shall say this.”

6Returning, he found Balak standing next to his holocaust, with all the leaders of the Moabites.

7And taking up his parable, he said: “Balak, king of the Moabites, has led me from Aram, from the mountains of the east. ‘Come forth,’ he said, ‘and curse Jacob. Hurry and condemn Israel.’

8How shall I curse him, whom God has not cursed? For what reason would I condemn him, whom the Lord does not condemn?

9I will look upon him from the tops of the stones, and I will consider him from the hills. This people shall dwell alone, and they shall not be counted among the nations.

10Who can number the dust that is Jacob, and who can know the number of the stock of Israel? May my soul die a just death, and may my end be like theirs.”

11And Balak said to Balaam: “What is this that you are doing? I called for you, in order to curse my enemies, and to the contrary, you bless them.”

12He answered him, “How can I say anything other than what the Lord orders?”

13Therefore, Balak said: “Come with me to another place, from where you may see a portion of Israel, though you cannot see them all. Curse them from there.”

14And when he had led him to a lofty place, on the top of mount Pisgah, Balaam built seven altars, and placing upon each a calf and a ram,

15he said to Balak, “Stand here next to your holocaust, while I continue on to meet him.”

16And when the Lord had met him, and had put the word in his mouth, he said, “Return to Balak, and you shall say this to him.”

17Returning, he found him standing next to his holocaust, and the leaders of the Moabites were with him. And Balak said to him, “What has the Lord spoken?”

18But, taking up his parable, he said: “Stand, Balak, and pay attention. Listen, you son of Zippor.

19God is not like a man, so that he would lie, nor is he like a son of man, so that he would be changed. Therefore, having spoken, will he not act? Has he ever spoken, and not fulfilled?

20I was led here to bless, and I have no strength to hinder the blessing.

21There is no idol in Jacob; neither is there a false image to be seen in Israel. The Lord his God is with him, and the resound of royal victory is in him.

22God has led him away from Egypt; his strength is like that of the rhinoceros.

23There is no soothsaying in Jacob, nor any divination in Israel. In their times, it shall be told to Jacob and to Israel what God has wrought.

24Behold, the people will rise up like a lioness, and lie down like a lion. But they will not lie down until they devour the prey and drink the blood of the slain.”

25And Balak said to Balaam, “Neither curse him, nor bless him.”

26And he said, “Have I not told you that whatever God would command of me, I would do?”

27And Balak said to him: “Come and I will lead you to another place. If perhaps it may please God, then you may curse them from there.”

28And when he had led him on to the top of mount Peor, which looks out toward the wilderness,

29Balaam said to him, “Build seven altars here for me, and prepare as many calves, and the same number of rams.”

30Balak did as Balaam had said, and he placed on each altar a calf and a ram.

Commentaries

Numbers 23

Verse 5

Tertullian

The prophet Balaam, in Numbers, was sent forth by king Balak to curse Israel, with whom he was commencing war. But at the same moment he was filled with the spirit. Instead of the curse which he came to pronounce, he uttered the blessing which the spirit at that very hour inspired him with. This is he who had previously declared to the king’s messengers, and then to the king himself, that he could only speak forth that which God should put into his mouth. The novel [heretical] doctrines of the new Christ are such as the Creator’s servants initiated long before!

Verse 10

Ambrose of Milan
Ambrose of Milan

You have caused me, my brother, not to fear death, and I only would that my life might die with yours! This Balaam wished for as the greatest good for himself, when, inspired by the spirit of prophecy, he said, “Let my soul die in the souls of the righteous, and let my seed be like the seed of them.” And in truth he wished this according to the spirit of prophecy, for as he saw the rising of Christ, so also he saw his triumph; he saw his death but saw also in him the everlasting resurrection of humanity and therefore feared not to die as he was to rise again. Let not then my soul die in sin or admit sin into itself, but let it die in the soul of the righteous, that it may receive his righteousness. Then too, he who dies in Christ is made a partaker of his grace in the font.

Verse 19

St. Ambrose
St. Ambrose

Since we do not find the usual order prevailing, be satisfied, Arian, to believe in a miraculous generation of the Son. Be content, I say, and if you do not believe me, at least respect the voice of God saying, "To whom will you compare me? Or who is my equal?" and again: "God is not human, that he should lie, not a human being, that he should change his mind."